thrift是一个软件框架，用来进行可扩展且跨语言的服务的开发。它结合了功能强大的软件堆栈和代码生成引擎，以构建在 C++, Java, Go,Python, PHP, Ruby, Erlang, Perl, Haskell, C#, Cocoa, JavaScript, Node.js, Smalltalk, and OCaml 这些编程语言间无缝结合的、高效的服务。

bool: A boolean value (true or false), one byte
byte: A signed byte
i16: A 16-bit signed integer
i32: A 32-bit signed integer
i64: A 64-bit signed integer
double: A 64-bit floating point number
binary: A byte array
string: 编码不可知的文本或二进制字符串

typedef i32 MyInteger
typedef Tweet ReTweet

enum TweetType {
TWEET,
RETWEET = 2,
DM = 0xa,
REPLY
} 

struct Tweet {
1: required i32 userId;
2: required string userName;
3: required string text;
4: optional Location loc;
5: optional TweetType tweetType = TweetType.TWEET
16: optional string language = "english"
}

namespace cpp com.project   //转化成namespace com { namespace example {
namespace java com.project  //转换成package com.example

include "tweet.thrift"      //thrift文件名要用双引号包含，末尾没有逗号或者分号
...
 
struct TweetSearchResult {
1: list<tweet.Tweet> tweets; //注意tweet前缀
 
}

const i32 INT_CONST = 1234;    // a
const map<string,string> MAP_CONST = {"hello": "world", "goodnight": "moon"}

struct Tweet {
1: required i32 userId;     //每个域有一个唯一的，正整数标识符
2: required string userName;    //每个域可以标识为required或者optional（也可以不注明）
3: required string text;
4: optional Location loc;   //结构体可以包含其他结构体
16: optional string language = "english"    //域可以有缺省值
}
 
struct Location {   //一个thrift中可定义多个结构体，并存在引用关系
1: required double latitude;
2: required double longitude;
}

//“Twitter”与“{”之间需要有空格！！！
service Twitter {

// 方法定义方式类似于C语言中的方式，它有一个返回值，一系列参数和可选的异常
// 列表. 注意，参数列表和异常列表定义方式与结构体中域定义方式一致.
void ping(),         

// 参数是只读的（const），不可以作为返回值
bool postTweet(1:Tweet tweet); 

TweetSearchResult searchTweets(1:string query); 

// ”oneway”标识符表示client发出请求后不必等待回复（非阻塞）直接进行下面的操作，
// ”oneway”方法的返回值必须是void
oneway void zip()   
 
}

+-------------------------------------------+
| cGRE                                      |
| Server                                    |
| (single-threaded, event-driven etc)       |
+-------------------------------------------+
| cBLU                                      |
| Processor                                 |
| (compiler generated)                      |
+-------------------------------------------+
| cGRE                                      |
| Protocol                                  |
| (JSON, compact etc)                       |
+-------------------------------------------+
| cGRE                                      |
| Transport                                 |
| (raw TCP, HTTP etc)                       |
+-------------------------------------------+

open
close
read
write
flush

writeMessageBegin(name, type, seq)
 
writeMessageEnd()
 
writeStructBegin(name)
 
writeStructEnd()
 
writeFieldBegin(name, type, id)
 
writeFieldEnd()
 
writeFieldStop()
 
writeMapBegin(ktype, vtype, size)
 
writeMapEnd()
 
writeListBegin(etype, size)
 
writeListEnd()
 
writeSetBegin(etype, size)
 
writeSetEnd()
 
writeBool(bool)
 
writeByte(byte)
 
writeI16(i16)
 
writeI32(i32)
 
writeI64(i64)
 
writeDouble(double)
 
writeString(string)
 
name, type, seq = readMessageBegin()
 
readMessageEnd()
 
name = readStructBegin()
 
readStructEnd()
 
name, type, id = readFieldBegin()
 
readFieldEnd()
 
k, v, size = readMapBegin()
 
readMapEnd()
 
etype, size = readListBegin()
 
readListEnd()
 
etype, size = readSetBegin()
 
readSetEnd()
 
bool = readBool()
 
byte = readByte()
 
i16 = readI16()
 
i32 = readI32()
 
i64 = readI64()
 
double = readDouble()
 
string = readString()

interface TProcessor {
bool process(TProtocol in, TProtocol out) throws TException
}

1. 创建一个transport对象
2. 为transport对象创建输入输出protocol	
3. 基于输入输出protocol创建processor
4. 等待连接请求并将之交给processor处理